* FÜR RECHTSEXTREMISMUS
*FÜR RECHTSEXTREMISMUS
Dear landlords,
Dear Dortmunders,
As mayor of the city of Dortmund, it is particularly important to me to ensure that our city does not offer any space for extreme right-wing actors in the future. Dortmund is a large neighborhood city where people from 160 nations live together, creating great cultural diversity. This diversity is our strength and shapes the cosmopolitan, urban character of our city. As a home for all people who live in Dortmund and are committed to respectful, peaceful coexistence, it is natural and obligatory for us to promote and protect cultural diversity in Dortmund.
Unfortunately, right-wing extremists in Dortmund are also trying to rent commercial premises for events. This is often not obvious straight away. Because they often disguise themselves in front of their landlords and do not reveal their true intentions. As a landlord, you are responsible for ensuring that your premises are not used to hold right-wing extremist and anti-constitutional events. become.
The anti-democratic and inhumane ideology of right-wing extremists does not fit our city and our society.It is therefore important that landlords work together to avoid giving space to right-wing extremists.
As Mayor of Dortmund, I am pleased to provide you with this guide, which will give you tips and assistance in recognizing the strategies of the extreme right when renting space.
I would like to encourage you to take a stand against all forms of misanthropy and right-wing extremism and to help ensure that Dortmund remains a cosmopolitan and tolerant place in the future. Your support and commitment are of great importance to our city and our society. Together we can ensure that Dortmund remains a city of diversity and tolerance in the future.
Heartfelt,
Your Thomas Westphal
STRATEGY OF EXTREME RIGHT-RIGHT ACTORS WHEN RENTING PREMISES
Most renters would use their rooms for concerts by neo-Nazi bands, lecture events glorifying the Third Reich or meetings,
that serve to call for violence against those who think differently.
Of course, the extreme right-wing actors are also aware of this.
They therefore often want to reveal as little about themselves or the event as possibleadmit. You benefit from the fact that there are landlords who are abovedo not provide any further information about the nature of the event and do not get a personal impression of the potential tenants. In the past, right-wing extremist party conferences have been declared as Christmas parties, neo-Nazi concerts have been disguised as birthday parties, or “unsuspicious” people have appeared as tenants, thereby concealing the real tenants.
TO AVOID BAD SURPRISES, WE RECOMMEND YOU:
GET A PERSONAL IMAGE
FROM THE POTENTIAL TENANTS
ASK ABOUT THE CHARACTER OF THE
EVENTS
IF IN DOUBT, TAKE ADVISE
EXPERT ADVICE
USE THE SAMPLE RENTAL AGREEMENT
IN THE DOWNLOAD AREA
IDENTIFICATION FEATURES
EXTREME RIGHT-RIGHT ACTORS
CLOTHING BRANDS
The Battle of the Nibelungs
The Battle of the Nibelungs is the largest right-wing extremist martial arts event in Western Europe, which has been focusing on expanding its own clothing brand for several years. The owner of the label is the Dortmund neo-Nazi Alexander Deptolla. The company is based in Dortmund-Dorstfeld.
Black Legion
BLACK LEGION is a brand founded and sold by right-wing extremists, which also acts as a sponsor for right-wing extremist martial arts tournaments. Some items of clothing explicitly refer to the Nazi era - for example, with a quote from Adolf Hitler on a T-shirt. The brand's name is a reference to two racist and fascist historical groups.
Thor Steinar
Thor Steinar is the best-known fashion brand that is considered a symbol of the right-wing extremist scene. The brand often uses symbolism and motifs from Nordic and Germanic mythology, and some items of clothing also have a reference to the German colonial period and the Nazi era. The company logo resembles two runes, each of which has criminal relevance depending on the context.
Ansgar Aryan
Ansgar Aryan is a right-wing extremist brand from Thuringia. Ansgar is an allusion to a saga in Norse mythology, Aryan means “Aryan”. Right-wing extremist ideology is spread in the brand's motifs, for example through the slogans "Aryan resistance", "We only go to France on chains" or "Eighty Eight Crew". see codes).
SYMBOLS
Black White Red
Before the Weimar Republic, black, white and red were the German national colors. When the National Socialists came to power, these were reintroduced. The use of the color combination on stickers, clothing and accessories by right-wing extremists is an allusion to National Socialism and must be understood as a rejection of parliamentary democracy.
Celtic cross
The Celtic cross is an element of religious art in the Celtic cultural area. In the right-wing extremist context, the isosceles Celtic cross served as a symbol of the “People's Socialist Movement of Germany/Work Party” (VSBD/PdA), which has been banned since 1982.
The use of the isosceles Celtic cross in public has been punishable since 2008 (§ 86a StGB), unless the external circumstances of the use make it clear that there is no right-wing extremist connection.
Triskele
The triskele is the logo of the neo-Nazi organization Blood & which is banned in Germany. Honor. The racist “African Resistance Movement” also uses the triskelion as its symbol.
Using the symbol is punishable in connection with banned right-wing extremist organizations (Section 86a StGB).
Black sun
In the SS Ordensburg “Wewelsburg” near Paderborn it is found as an ornament on the floor of what was then the “Obergruppenführersaal”. The symbol is not banned and is generally popular in the right-wing extremist scene.
Sig rune
The Sig rune served as a symbol for various National Socialist organizations. The double Sig rune was the symbol of the SS. Depicting both a single and double Sig rune is prohibited (§ 86a StGB).
Odal rune
The Odal rune (also Othala) was used by several organizations during National Socialism (e.g. the Hitler Youth and the SS). Even after the Nazi era, it was used as a symbol by right-wing extremist organizations (e.g. by the now banned Wiking Youth). The symbol stands for “blood and soil”.
Wolfsangel
The Wolfsangel was, among other things, the symbol of the Nazi organization “Werwolf”/“Wehrwolf”. It was later used as a symbol of the youth organization “Young Front”, which was banned in 1982. In the context of a banned organization, Wolfsangel is punishable (§ 86a StGB). However, the wolf angel can be found in many club and city coats of arms and is not punishable in this context.
CODES
18, 28, 88
14
ZOG
HNKKRZ
18, 28, 88
Here the numbers stand for the respective letter in the alphabet, for example 8 for the eighth letter in the alphabet
(=H). The 18 stands for AH and is a coding of Adolf Hitler's name. 88 (= HH) stands for the slogan “Heil Hitler”, 28 (= BH) for the banned organization Blood & Honor.
14
The 14 represents a coding for the “14 Words” by the American neo-Nazi David Lane, famous among right-wing extremists: “We must secure the existence of our people and a future for white children.” to back up). It is often used in combination with the 88 (1488).
ZOG
ZOG stands for “Zionist Occupied Government”. This alludes to the anti-Semitic conspiracy theory about assumed world domination by Jews.
HNKKRZ
In this abbreviation, the vowels of the word “swastika” were removed. The lettering is mainly used on T-shirts, sweaters or bags. The use is not punishable.
THE ÜLKÜCÜ MOVEMENT
THE GRAY WOLVES
The followers of the Ülkücü movement describe themselves as idealists. The movement describes itself as strictly anti-communist and anti-imperialist. It is directed against leftists, socialists, communists, trade unionists, Alevis and Jewsen. The movement therefore also adheres to anti-Semitic conspiracy ideologies, among other things. It propagates the superiority of a supposed “Turkish race” over non-Turkish minorities such as Kurds, Greeks and Armenians. Until the 1980s, the Gray Wolves led paramilitary groups with which they persecuted their political opponents.
Alevis were not only targeted as ethnic and religious minorities, but were primarily associated with communism. With the decline of the USSR and the associated real socialism, dissidents became increasingly the target.
The Ülkücü movement was originally ethnically oriented, but has now increasingly turned to Islamist spectrums, especially since the 1980s. One result of this movement is the so-called “Turkish-Islamic Synthesis”, the idea of a religiously and ethnically based supremacy of Turkishness. The guiding idea of the current Turkish foreign policy follows this idea of the Ülkücü movement.
Excerpt from the VS report NRW:
Due to their extremely nationalistic ideas, there is actual evidence to suspect that the “Gray Wolves” are pursuing goals that are directed against the idea of international understanding or against the peaceful coexistence of peoples and at the same time violate the principle of equality guaranteed in the Basic Law. You therefore meet the requirements for observation by the constitutional protection authorities (Section 3 Paragraph 1 No. 1 and No. 4 VSG NRW)
mythologyBozkurt/ Grey Wolf
The name of the Gray Wolves comes from the Ergenekon legend, which is based on a compilation of many ancient Turkish, partly Central Asian, myths. One of these legends is the Asena legend. This talks about a gray wolf Asena, who protected and raised the last survivor of an ancient Turkish tribe. The wolf (Turkish kurt; Old Turkish böri) plays an important role in the history of the Turkish peoples and is a central element of Pan-Turkism. According to the Ergenekon legend, the she-wolf Asena led the Göktürks from the Ergenekon Valley, who had retreated there after their defeat by the Chinese in the 8th century. The gray wolf is used by the movement as a symbol of militancy. Historically, he is also considered the howling wolf, who gathers his pack to hunt prey.
The wolf greeting
Stretch the middle and ring fingers together with the thumb and hold the index finger up with the little finger. This posture signals the greeting of the right-wing extremist Gray Wolves and is intended to visualize a wolf's head through the positioning of the fingers. On the one hand, it is a characteristic and unifying symbol of the sympathizers, and on the other hand, it is considered provocative towards people who do not have politically similar views. The wolf salute is chanted particularly at demonstrations, rallies and major events.
Alparslan Türkes, the founding father of the Gray Wolves, explained the meaning of the wolf salute as follows: “The spread index finger stands for Islam, the spread little finger stands for Turkishness. The space between the middle and ring fingers and the thumb symbolizes the world. The point of contact between the middle and ring fingers and the Da
Three crescents
Following the idea of the so-called “Turkish-Islamic Synthesis”, the Ülkücü movement refers to another element of Islamic symbolism with the use of the three crescents. The “Three Crescents” with a green background originally come from the Ottoman Empire. They are intended to illustrate the three continents of Asia, Africa and Europe, where the Ottomans ruled and spread Islam. This symbolism is also used by the right-wing extremist Ülkücü movement and its followers to establish a connection to the hegemonic position and the expansionist idea of the Ottoman Empire. Following the interpretation of Turkish right-wing extremism, the “Three Crescents” symbolize the Turkish unity of all Turkic peoples in a fictional country called “Turan”. It also symbolizes Islamic unity with non-Muslim peoples and thus the rule of the Turks over the entire world. By using the “Three Crescents” as their identifying symbol, the right-wing extremists want to make clear their claim to power and superiority over other nations.
The Kayı symbol
In recent years, a new symbol has become established in Turkish right-wing extremist circles, which is particularly popular among young supporters. The Kayi symbol. Kayi is one of the 24 Oghuz tribes in Central Asia. Kayi means stable or powerful in Old Turkish. The Kayi tribe is said to have come to Anatolia together with the Seljuks in the 11th century. The Ottoman dynasty is said to go back to this Kayi tribe. Due to the very
The flag of the Gök Turks
The wolf with writing in the old Turkish language “Göktürk”; is often depicted on flags, rings, T-shirts, hoodies, etc. and is part of a youth culture in Turkish right-wing extremist milieus. Gök Turks or Kök Turks were a Turkish tribal confederation living in Central Asia in late antiquity. The Kök Turks conquered the Rouran steppe kingdom and founded two great empires in conjunction with nomadic tribes.
Federation of Turkish Democratic Idealist Associations in Germany / Türk Federation (ADÜTDF)
The German offshoot of the right-wing extremist Turkish party MHP was founded in 1978 in the form of the Türk Federation (ADÜTDF). In doing so, she could count on the support of Western secret services and politicians from the CDU/CSU union parties in the spirit of the anti-communist doctrine of the Cold War. The “Gray Wolves” were supported, among other things, with the aim of pushing back left-wing unions within the guest workers of Turkish origin. The ADÜTDF now has around 130 member associations and is the foreign organization of the Turkish MHP, which has ruled together with the AKP under the current President Erdoğan since 2018. The Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution in North Rhine-Westphalia assumes that there are around 70 ADÜTDF associations in North Rhine-Westphalia with around 2,000 members.
Union of Turkish-Islamic Cultural Associations in Europe e. V. (ATIB)
The Avrupa Türk-İslam Birliği (ATİB – “Union of Turkish-Islamic Cultural Associations in Europe e.V.”) is an umbrella organization of Turkish-Islamic cultural associations based in Cologne. The Union was created as a splinter from the right-wing extremist foreign mission of the Gray Wolves. According to its own information, it has 123 associations nationwide, while the Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution attributes 20 associations with a total of 1,200 members to the right-wing extremist umbrella organization. The association was created after a group of member associations of the Federation of Turkish Democratic Idealist Associations in Germany (ADÜTDF) split off in October 1987.
Signature of Alparslan Türkeş as an identification mark (based on the signature of Kemal Atatürk)
Among Ülkücü supporters, Alparslan Türkeş's signature is another clear identifier. This is often displayed in the form of car stickers. There is a high risk of confusion with the signature of Kemal Atatürk, the founding father of the modern Republic of Turkey. With Atatürk's signature, for example as a sticker on the rear windows of their cars, fellow citizens of Turkish origin signal their sympathy for the secular social model of modern Turkey, in contrast to supporters of the Ülkücü movement.
Turan as a Greater Turkish power utopia
The Ülkücü movement aims to create a nation in which all Turkic peoples are united. The territory of this fictional nation extends from the Balkans through Central Asia to China. This idea is also known as “Pan-Turkism”. The term “Turan” here originally stands for a mythical populated area of the Turks in Central Asia. The term gained increasing political significance at the beginning of the 20th century. The central narrative of the Ülkücü movement is “Pan-Turkism” or “Turanism,” which longs for the unification of all Turkic peoples into a single nation-state.
LEGAL BASIS
Kontakt
Stadt Dortmund
Amt für Angelegenheiten des Oberbürgermeisters
und des Rates
Koordinierungsstelle für Vielfalt, Toleranz und Demokratie
Südwall 2-4
44137 Dortmund
Tel.: 0231/5026450
www.vielfalt.dortmund.de
https://www.instagram.com/pfd_dortmund/
https://twitter.com/DortmundPfd
Sources
Arslan, Emre (2009): The myth of the nation in the transnational space. Turkish gray wolves in Germany. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag.
Bozay, Kemal (2009): “... I am proud to be Turkish!” Ethnicization of social conflicts under the sign of globalization, 2nd edition. Schwalbach/Ts.: Newsreel
Bozay, Kemal (2021): Turkish right-wing extremism in Germany – The Gray Wolves. Berlin: AJC Berlin Ramer Institute.
Bozay, Kemal/ Şahin, Reyhan (2022): Inequality ideologies and racism in (post-)migrant society - Pedagogical concepts in distancing work with a focus on “gray wolves” and (legalistic) Islamist supporters. In: Gille, C./ Jagusch, B./ Chehata, Y. (eds.): The extreme right in social work. Basics, fields of work, options for action (pp. 348-364). Weinheim: Beltz Juventa.
Bozay, Kemal (2017a): Gray Wolves – the largest right-wing extremist organization in Germany. In: http://www.bpb.de/politik/extremismus/rechtsextremismus/260307/rechtsextremismus-in-der-einmigrationsgesellschaft
Bozay, Kemal (2018): Ideologies of inequality in the migration society. In: Wolf, Merlin (ed.): Antifascist pedagogy. Berlin: Alibri, pp. 261-280.
Dantschke, Claudia (2014): Gray wolves in Germany. Turkish ultranationalism and right-wing extremism. In: Greuel, Frank/ Glaser, Michael (eds.): Ethnocentrism and anti-Semitism among young people with a migration background. Manifestations and pedagogical practice in the immigration society. Hall, pp. 66-90.
Lobna Jamal, Yasar Aydin (2022): “Gray Wolves” Turkish Ultranationalism in Germany”. Bonn. BpB.
Author: Signpost advice center Dortmund, Hamm and Unna district/Multicultural Forum e.V.